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22 KiB
Markdown
494 lines
No EOL
22 KiB
Markdown
# Netdata Charts
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Netdata charts provide **real-time, per-second metrics** to help you troubleshoot and explore your infrastructure with high-resolution insights.
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## What Makes Netdata Charts Special
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Netdata excels at collecting, storing, and presenting metrics in ready-to-use dashboards. Its enhanced charts update every second and offer:
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- High-resolution, granular metrics
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- Interactive data exploration through metric hover overlays
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- Customizable filtering using the Definition bar
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- Anomaly detection via the Anomaly Rate ribbon
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- Intuitive tools for panning, zooming, and highlighting areas of interest
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- Quick access to **Metric Correlations** for finding patterns across metrics
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- Flexible dimension sorting by name, value, or anomaly rate
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- Detailed chart information including plugin, context, and type
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- Real-time status of metric collection
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- Access to the underlying data via the **Data Queries API** for advanced use cases
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You can view these charts in Netdata Cloud’s **Metrics tab**, **individual node views**, and **Custom Dashboards**.
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---
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## Metric Correlations
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Netdata charts allow you to quickly identify related metrics using the Metric Correlations feature. When you highlight an area of interest on a chart (such as a spike or anomaly), Netdata suggests other metrics that display similar behavior during the same timeframe.
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This helps you find root causes or related system activity without manually searching through all metrics.
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:::note
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Learn more: [Metric Correlations documentation](/docs/metric-correlations.md)
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:::
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## Chart Anatomy
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Each Netdata chart is designed to provide quick insights and interactive exploration:
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| Chart Element | Description |
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|------------------------|------------------------------------------------|
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| Title bar | Shows the chart title and units of measurement |
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| Anomaly Rate ribbon | Displays the combined anomaly rate of all data |
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| Definition bar | Provides filtering and grouping options |
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| Toolbar | Offers tools for interacting with the chart |
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| Chart area | Displays the metrics data |
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| Legend with dimensions | Lists all metric dimensions with color coding |
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---
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## Core Concepts
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Understanding how Netdata organizes and presents metrics helps you make the most of its charts.
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### Dimensions
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A **dimension** is a value shown on a chart. Dimensions can represent:
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- Raw collected data
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- Calculated values (such as average, minimum, or maximum)
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- Various units (such as percentages, MiB/s, GiB)
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Each chart’s legend lists its dimensions. You can hide or show specific dimensions to focus on what matters most.
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---
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### Contexts
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A **context** groups charts by metric type and displayed dimensions. Contexts define how charts are organized and where they appear in the Netdata menu.
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**Examples:**
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- `apps.cpu` for **Apps CPU Time**
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- `apps.mem` for **Apps Real Memory**
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The part before the dot (`.`) is the **type**, while the part after is defined by the chart’s developer or its family.
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Contexts are also used for alert configurations.
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---
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### Families
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A **family** represents a specific instance of a hardware or software resource that needs its own chart.
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For example, in disk monitoring:
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- Disk drives like `sda` and `sdb` each have their own family.
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The combination of **context** and **family** forms the `[context].[family]` naming scheme:
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| Context | `sda` family | `sdb` family |
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|----------------|--------------------|--------------------|
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| `disk.io` | `disk_io.sda` | `disk_io.sdb` |
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| `disk.ops` | `disk_ops.sda` | `disk_ops.sdb` |
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| `disk.backlog` | `disk_backlog.sda` | `disk_backlog.sdb` |
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| `disk.util` | `disk_util.sda` | `disk_util.sdb` |
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---
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## Title Bar
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The Title bar provides essential information and quick actions for each chart:
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| Title Bar Element | Description |
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|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
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| Netdata icon | Indicates live data updates (when time is playing) |
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| Chart title | Shows the title, metric, and unit of measurement |
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| Chart status icon | Displays loading, timeout, error, or no-data status |
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Quick actions available from the Title bar:
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| Action | Description |
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|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Manage Alerts | Configure alerts for this chart |
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| Chart info | View detailed chart metadata |
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| Chart type | Switch between line, stacked, area, bar, and multi-bar views |
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| Enter fullscreen | Expand the chart for full-screen analysis |
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| User settings | Save chart preferences across dashboard reloads |
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| Drag and Drop | Add the chart to an existing or new dashboard |
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## User Settings Priority
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When configuring chart preferences using the User Settings action in the Title Bar, Netdata applies the following priority order:
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Personal settings: Highest priority, specific to the individual user.
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Room settings: Shared across users in the same Room if no personal settings exist.
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Space settings: Global defaults across the Space if no Room or personal settings exist.
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This hierarchy ensures that your personal preferences always take precedence, while still allowing collaborative defaults at the Room or Space level.
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---
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## Definition Bar
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The Definition bar provides powerful filtering and grouping options, helping you explore your metrics more effectively:
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| Definition Bar Element | Description |
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|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|
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| Group by option | Choose how to group your data visualization |
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| Aggregate function | Select how to aggregate data from multiple sources |
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| Nodes filter | Filter data from specific nodes |
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| Instances filter | Filter specific instances of data |
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| Dimensions filter | Filter particular dimensions |
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| Labels filter | Filter by specific labels |
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| Time aggregation | Control how data points are aggregated over time |
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| Reset button | Return to default filtering and grouping settings |
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---
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## NIDL Framework
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The **NIDL (Nodes, Instances, Dimensions, Labels)** framework helps you filter, group, and understand chart data at a glance.
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:::tip
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For a detailed explanation, click the image below to open it in a new tab where you can zoom in.
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<a href="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2662304/235475061-44628011-3b1f-4c44-9528-34452018eb89.png" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2662304/235475061-44628011-3b1f-4c44-9528-34452018eb89.png" width="400" alt="Netdata NIDL Framework"/>
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</a>
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:::
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These dropdown menus serve two main functions:
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1. Provide context about the metrics being visualized.
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2. Enable flexible grouping and filtering for tailored views.
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| Metric Information | Description |
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|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
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| Volume contribution | Shows how much each metric contributes to the total |
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| Anomaly rate | Displays anomaly rate for the selected timeframe |
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| Value statistics | Shows minimum, average, and maximum values |
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---
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## Group By Dropdown
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The **Group by** dropdown allows you to apply different grouping strategies on the same dataset:
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| Grouping Option | Description |
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|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Group by Node | Summarize data by node with one dimension per node |
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| Group by Instance | Summarize data by instance with one dimension per instance |
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| Group by Dimension | Aggregate data across all nodes by dimension |
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| Group by Label | Summarize data based on label values |
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:::tip
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When working with cgroups (VMs and containers), using **Group by Instance** shows data from all contributing cgroups. Apply additional filters to focus on specific instances and save these views to your dashboards.
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:::
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:::tip
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Use **Group by Instance, Dimension** to visualize the time series for each individual collected metric in the chart.
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:::
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---
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## Aggregate Functions Dropdown
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Each chart has a default aggregation function, which you can adjust as needed:
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| Function | Description |
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|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Average | Displays the average value across sources |
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| Sum | Shows the sum of all contributed values |
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| Min | Displays the minimum value (closest to zero or largest magnitude for negative values) |
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| Max | Displays the maximum value (largest magnitude for positive values or closest to zero for negatives) |
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## Aggregate Functions Over Time – Additional Dropdown Examples
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When selecting aggregation functions over time, charts may offer dropdown menus for **Percentiles** and **Trimmed Mean / Median** selection. Below are examples of these dropdowns:
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### Percentile Selection Example:
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### Trimmed Mean / Median Selection Example:
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These options let you control how outliers and edge cases are handled during time-based aggregation.
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---
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## Nodes Dropdown
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Filter and explore the contribution of each node to your chart:
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| Node Information | Description |
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|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
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| Contribution percentage | Shows each node’s share of the total data volume |
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| Anomaly rate | Displays anomaly rate per node |
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| Error messages | Lists any errors preventing nodes from contributing data |
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---
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## Instances Dropdown
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Use the **Instances** dropdown to filter or view the contribution of specific instances within your data:
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| Instance Information | Description |
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|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Contribution percentage | Shows how much each instance contributes to the chart volume |
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| Anomaly rate | Displays the anomaly rate for each instance |
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---
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## Dimensions Dropdown
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The **Dimensions** dropdown allows you to filter by or focus on particular dimensions within your chart:
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| Dimension Information | Description |
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|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Contribution percentage | Shows how much each dimension contributes to the chart volume |
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| Anomaly rate | Displays the anomaly rate for each dimension |
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---
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## Labels Dropdown
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Filter or view your data by **labels**, giving you flexibility to isolate metrics by their tags:
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| Label Information | Description |
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|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
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| Contribution percentage | Shows each label’s contribution to chart volume |
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| Anomaly rate | Displays the anomaly rate breakdown by label |
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---
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## Aggregate Functions Over Time
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When data resolution exceeds the chart’s granularity, **time-based aggregation** is applied. The aggregation function over time ensures that large amounts of data are still readable and insightful.
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| Aggregation Function | Description |
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|------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|
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| Min, Max, Average, Sum | Basic statistical aggregations |
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| Percentile (25th–99th) | Show specific percentiles of the data points |
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| Trimmed Mean/Median (1%–25%) | Remove outliers before calculating averages |
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| Median | Display the middle value of the data set |
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| Standard deviation | Measure data variability |
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| Coefficient of variation | Show relative variability |
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| Delta | Display the change between data points |
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| Exponential smoothing | Apply weighted averaging to recent points |
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:::tip
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For more details, see [Data Queries - Data Grouping](/src/web/api/queries/README.md#data-grouping).
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:::
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---
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## Reset to Defaults
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Click the green **Reset** button at the end of the Definition bar to restore the chart’s filtering and grouping options to their defaults.
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---
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## Anomaly Rate Ribbon
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Netdata uses machine learning models trained on past data to predict expected metric values. These models identify anomalies in real time as soon as outliers occur.
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| Anomaly Ribbon Feature | Description |
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|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
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| Visual indicator | Shows the combined anomaly rate across all data |
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| Hover information | Displays a histogram of anomaly rates per dimension |
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| Real-time detection | Flags anomalies within seconds of occurrence |
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This feature enables you to catch issues quickly across large volumes of metrics.
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---
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## Hover Over the Chart
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Hovering over any point on a chart reveals a detailed information overlay, making it easy to explore your metrics interactively:
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| Hover Information | Description |
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|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Volume percentage | Shows the contribution of each time series compared to the total |
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| Anomaly rate | Displays the anomaly rate for each dimension |
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| Collection issues | Indicates any data collection problems |
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| Value histogram | Visualizes the distribution of dimension values |
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When you hover over the **Anomaly Rate ribbon**, the dimensions are sorted by anomaly rate, and a histogram displays these rates to help you quickly identify problematic metrics.
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---
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### Info Column
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The **Info Column** appears during hover and provides detailed data collection insights:
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| Indicator | Description |
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|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Partial Data | At least one dimension has partial data (not all instances contributed fully) |
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| Overflown | At least one data source has a counter that overflowed |
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| Empty Data | At least one dimension has no data for the selected points |
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---
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## Play, Pause, and Reset Controls
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Control chart playback and interact with time using the **Time Controls**. These controls help you pause or reset the charts while exploring metrics.
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| Interaction | Keyboard / Mouse | Touchpad / Touchscreen | Time Control Effect |
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|-------------------------|---------------------------|------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
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| Pause chart (temporary) | Hover over the chart | n/a | Temporarily pauses playback |
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| Stop chart (lock pause) | Click on the chart | Tap | Locks playback at selected time |
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| Reset playback | Double-click on the chart | n/a | Resumes playback (returns to Play mode) |
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These controls work when the **default “Pan” action** is selected in the toolbar.
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---
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## Toolbar
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The chart **Toolbar** provides interactive tools for manipulating the chart view:
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| Tool | Description |
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|-----------------|-----------------------------------------|
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| Pan | Move through the timeline |
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| Highlight | Select specific timeframes for analysis |
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| Select and Zoom | Zoom into selected timeframes |
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| Chart Zoom | Zoom in or out on the chart |
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| Reset Zoom | Return to the original view |
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---
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### Pan
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Use the **Pan Tool** to navigate through time on the chart:
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| Pan Interaction | Keyboard | Mouse | Touchpad/Touchscreen |
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|------------------|----------|----------------|----------------------|
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| Pan through time | n/a | Click and drag | Touch drag |
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Drag right to move backward in time and left to move forward.
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---
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### Highlight
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The **Highlight Tool** allows you to select timeframes for deeper analysis:
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| Highlight Interaction | Keyboard/Mouse | Touchpad/Touchscreen |
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|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|
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| Highlight timeframe | Alt + mouse selection or ⌘ + mouse selection (macOS) | n/a |
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Use highlighting to investigate spikes, anomalies, or unusual behavior. Click on the chart area to clear the highlight selection.
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---
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### Select and Zoom
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Zoom into specific timeframes for maximum data granularity:
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| Zoom Interaction | Keyboard/Mouse | Touchpad/Touchscreen |
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|------------------------|------------------------------------|----------------------|
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| Zoom to timeframe | Shift + mouse vertical selection | n/a |
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| Horizontal Y-axis zoom | Shift + mouse horizontal selection | n/a |
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---
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### Zoom In and Out
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The **Chart Zoom** tool allows you to zoom in and out to view different time ranges:
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| Zoom Interaction | Keyboard/Mouse | Touchpad/Touchscreen |
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|------------------|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
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| Zoom in/out | Shift + mouse scrollwheel | Two-finger pinch or Shift + two-finger scroll |
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Zooming in helps you analyze recent events in detail, while zooming out provides an overview of longer-term trends.
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---
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## Dimensions Bar
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The **Dimensions Bar** allows you to manage how dimensions are displayed within the chart. Sorting and hiding dimensions helps you focus on the most relevant data.
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### Order Dimensions Legend
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You can sort the dimensions legend using various criteria:
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| Sorting Option | Description |
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|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|
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| Dimension name | Sort alphabetically (ascending or descending) |
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| Dimension value | Sort by current metric values (ascending or descending) |
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| Dimension anomaly rate | Sort by anomaly rate (ascending or descending) |
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---
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### Show and Hide Dimensions
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Simplify your charts by showing only the dimensions you want to focus on:
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| Dimension Interaction | Keyboard/Mouse | Touchpad/Touchscreen |
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|------------------------------|------------------------|----------------------|
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| Show one dimension only | Click on the dimension | Tap |
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| Toggle individual dimensions | Shift + click | n/a |
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This feature is especially useful for identifying unusual behavior by isolating specific metrics.
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---
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## Resize a Chart
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Adjust the height of a chart to fit your analysis needs:
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- **Resize**: Click and drag the resize handle located at the bottom-right corner of the chart.
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- **Restore original size**: Double-click the resize handle.
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This allows you to expand charts for more detailed analysis or condense them for a broader dashboard view.
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*Netdata charts combine clarity, flexibility, and interactivity, designed to help you focus on what matters most in your infrastructure.* |